Nickel is widely used in industrial processes and plays a crucial role in many applications. However, most of the nickel resource mainly exists as nickel oxide in laterite nickel ore with complex composition, resulting in difficulty in upgrading the nickel content using physical separation methods. In this study, high-grade ferronickel concentrates …

The first stage of the process involves carbothermic reduction in which iron, nickel, and cobalt contents of the ore are reduced with carbon at 1400–1600 °C and separated as a metallic phase. This process is similar to the conventional smelting process for the production of ferronickel from nickel laterites in a DC-arc furnace ( …

It is very important to take into account that for treating nickel ore in pieces, the iron reduction was 46%, indicating that the fine material has a higher surface species present in a laterite ...

According to the characteristics of nickel laterite ore, a non-melting reduction treatment process was designed. The preliminary test results indicated that a ferronickel concentrate with 6.81% (or 7.09%) Ni can be obtained via reduction roasting at 1200 °C (or 1200 °C) for 40 min (or 20 min) in the presence of 12% CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O (or …

2.4. Reduction process and magnetic separation. The reduction of the prepared nickel laterite ore (PM or IM) with a combined mass of 1 kg was performed in a stirred fluidised-bed reactor, which is a laboratory constructed, cylindrical heat-resistant stainless steel reactor.In a typical reduction process, the effect of different parameters …

A typical pyrometallurgical process for nickel recovery involves pre-calcination of laterite ore in rotary kiln to remove moisture and chemically-bonded water, and subsequent pre-reduction in kiln ...

Recent Progress in Hydrometallurgical Processing of Nickel Lateritic Ore. Review. Published: 22 August 2022. Volume 76, pages 11–30, ( 2023 ) Cite this …

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65647-8_27 Corpus ID: 234244780; Carbothermic Reduction Roasting of a Low-Grade Nickel Laterite Ore in the Modified Caron Process @inproceedings{Ilyas2021CarbothermicRR, title={Carbothermic Reduction Roasting of a Low-Grade Nickel Laterite Ore in the Modified Caron Process}, author={Sadia Ilyas and …

The RKEF process is a two-stage pyrometallurgical process that involves the calcination and the partial reduction of the saprolite ore in a rotary kiln, followed by high-temperature smelting in an electric arc furnace.26 The final product is a ferronickel alloy containing 20 wt.% to 40 wt.% nickel. It is uneconomic to process laterite ore with ...

The carbothermic reduction roasting followed by ammoniacal leaching of a Ni-laterite ore from Bajaur (Pakistan) has been studied first time for its potential exploitation via the Caron process.

A high nickel grade ferronickel was produced from laterite ore using the selective reduction-wet magnetic separation process, with the addition of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4).

A high nickel grade ferronickel was produced from laterite ore using the selective reduction-wet magnetic separation process, with the addition of sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4).The ferronickel concentrate assaying 9.87% Ni, with a nickel recovery of 90.90% can be obtained, when laterite ore was reduced at 1200 °C for 50 min with the …

The reduction by hydrogen and the thermal decomposition of a siliceous nickel laterite ore in the presence of NaCl were studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Reduction tests on H2 atmosphere in rotary kiln were performed in the presence of NaCl and the product of the reaction was leached in ammoniacal solution. The presence …

In this present work, the reduction process of low-grade nickel ore was carried out by using anthracite containing high sulfur as reductant, which had …

The production of ferronickel concentrate from low-grade nickel laterite ore containing 1.31% nickel (Ni) was studied by the non-melting reduction magnetic separation process. The sodium chloride was used as additive and coal as a reductant. The effects of roasting temperature, roasting duration, reductant dosage, additive dosage, and grinding …

Based on a brief introduction of properties of metallic nickel, it summarizes the applications of nickel, demand of nickel, resources of nickel, and metallurgical …

Reduction–sulfurization smelting is an effective method for treating solid hazardous waste and recovering valuable components from them. In this work, a waste hydrogenation catalyst (WHC), an automotive exhaust purifier waste catalyst (AEPWC), a vulcanizer, and laterite nickel ore were mixed, and the reduction smelting behavior of …

The extraction of nickel from ore follows much the same route as copper, and indeed, in a number of cases, similar processes and equipment are used. The major … See more

In fact, nickel laterite ore is a complex ore, which include NiO, Fe 2 O 3, Fe 3 O 4, etc., so other reactions simultaneously take place in the reduction process.Based on the reduction of trevorite, NiO·Fe 2 O 3, with the preferential reduction of nickel oxide to metallic nickel can be stated (4), (5), (6) (Olli et al., 1995): (4) 3 NiO · Fe 2 O 3 + CO = 3 …

The main process steps in the Caron process are reduction roasting, atmospheric ammonia leaching, ammonia recovery, and NiO sintering. ... When this procedure was applied to treat Qinghai Yuanshishan nickel ore, an experimental study revealed that the extraction ratios of Ni and Co are 90.11% and 62.99%, respectively …

The sulfating roasting process of nickel sulfide ore is essentially a process of selective oxidation of metals in minerals. In this process, air or oxygen-enriched air is generally …

1. Turn on MathJax. Share this article. Article information. Abstract. A low-grade nickel laterite ore from Indonesia was selected to investigate the effect of …

The effect of binary basicity with MgO/SiO 2 ratio (B B) on the selective reduction of limonitic nickel ore has been investigated clearly in this section. The binary basicity value of limonitic nickel ore was modified by MgO and SiO 2 addition from 0.1 to 1.0. The binary basicity (MgO/SiO 2) of nickel ore is 0.14.

The appropriate basicity type in selective reduction of limonitic ore was 0.3 of ternary basicity (BT1) and 0.2 of quaternary basicity (BQ1), which had a similar nickel grade and recovery, i.e., 6 ...

Abstract. The reduction of nickel from low-grade nickel laterite ore using a solid-state deoxidisation method was studied. The effects of temperature, time, reductant …

A novel method of high-grade ferronickel production was developed using self-reduction and selective oxidation. • Oxidation by CO 2 at a concentration of 70 vol% allowed for a nickel recovery >95% and grade of ~32 wt%.. Metallic nickel and iron were separated by selective oxidation with CO 2, and CO 2 was efficiently utilised.

The details of tungsten ore beneficiation and prior-reduction process have been thoroughly discussed by Habashi . WO 2.9, WO 2.72, ... Rashed AH, Rao YK (1996) Kinetics of reduction of nickel oxide with hydrogen gas in the 230–452°C range. Chem Eng Comm 156:1–30. Article Google Scholar Nakajima H, Shimizu S, Onuki K, Ikezoe Y, …

By setting the amount of added laterite nickel ore, reduction temperature, reduction time and FC/O ratio as independent variables, the interaction among the metals Fe, Cr and Ni recovery is clarified, the model predicting Fe, Cr and Ni recovery is established, and the best reduction preparation process parameters to achieve high …

The sulfating roasting process of nickel sulfide ore is essentially a process of selective oxidation of metals in minerals. In this process, air or oxygen-enriched air is generally used as oxidant, and a multiphase reaction takes place between solid phase and gas phase. ... Bioleaching uses the oxidation or reduction of microorganisms to soak ...

The main reactions involved in the reduction process of laterite ore and their standard Gibbs free energy changes with temperature (Δ r G m θ-T diagrams), the variations of the contents of thermodynamic equilibrium phases during the reduction process of laterite ore were conducted by using the software FactSage 8.1 (Thermfact/ …

Two key issues for low recovery of nickel by the above process is that metallic nickel disperses in the ore and unreduced Ni 2+ are incorporated into the fayalite structure as substitutes. Therefore, the metallic reduction roasting process followed by magnetic separation provide an effectively method for laterite ores.

Low‒nickel matte as the main intermediate product of nickel sulfide ore in traditional pyrometallurgical smelting, during this process, the valuable metals Ni, Cu, and Co have been enriched 6,7 ...

The RKEF process was first applied commercially to treat New Caledonian ore in the late 19th century [3]. In general, the literature establishes three stages in the RKEF process [1], [4], [10], [11] : I) drying or preheating in a rotary dryer, II) calcination and partial reduction in a rotary kiln, and III) smelting in an electric arc furnace.

The performance and kinetic of saprolitic laterite reduction using palm kernel shell charcoal and anthracite were studied. The anthracite coal represents the conventional high-grade carbon content matter, and palm kernel shell charcoal represents biomass-based reductant. The experiment was conducted at a temperature ranging from 800oC …

A coal-based direct reduction process was used to recover the ferronickel from low-grade nickel laterite ore. The effects of basicity on the compressive strength, …